Explore the characteristics, history and conservation of donkeys.
How the Donkey Came to Mexico?
Donkeys were introduced to America by the Spanish during the colonization in the 16th century. Their arrival in Mexico marked the beginning of their integration into the local culture and economy, where they have been primarily used in agricultural work and as pack animals.
Breeding and Care of Donkeys
Breeding donkeys provides significant benefits, from companionship to support in the rural economy through the production of donkey milk. Caring for these animals requires specialized attention to ensure their health and working capacity. The offspring of a donkey is called a "burrito," a term of endearment that reflects the tenderness of these animals from birth. Additionally, it is important to clarify the difference between commonly confused terms: "asno" and "burro" refer to the same animal, while the "mula" (mule) is the result of crossing a horse with a donkey. Conscious and responsible breeding helps maintain donkey populations and promotes sustainability practices on farms.
Curiosities and Diversity
Donkeys are notable for their resilience and adaptability. However, in recent times, the mechanization of agriculture has significantly reduced their numbers. Originally from Africa, these equines possess 62 chromosomes and have the ability to crossbreed with horses and zebras, although such crosses generally result in sterile offspring like mules and zebroids. Despite the decline in their use, donkey breeds range from tiny miniatures to robust breeds like the Catalan and Majorcan.
Conservation and Welfare
The decline in the number of donkeys is mainly due to the modernization of agricultural methods and the urbanization of rural areas. Nevertheless, there are significant efforts to promote the welfare of these animals, such as the Donkey Sanctuary-UNAM program, which works in 260 communities in Mexico to improve the quality of life of equines, including donkeys. This program highlights the importance of donkeys in the rural economy and underscores the need for their proper care.
In Mexico, Burrolandia offers a sanctuary where donkeys are protected and cared for. This place is not only a refuge but also a center for education and recreation where visitors can learn about donkeys and participate in interactive activities. The entrance fee to Burrolandia is affordable, facilitating the participation of a broad audience in the conservation of these animals. Additionally, there are other sanctuaries such as the Refugio del Burrito in Spain and several in other countries that contribute to the global conservation of donkeys, reflecting an international effort to protect these valuable animals.
Festivities in Honor of the Donkey
Festivities honoring donkeys are numerous and celebrated in various places in Latin America and Spain. One of the most notable events is the National Donkey Fair in Otumba, State of Mexico, held each May 1st. This fair has gained notoriety over the years and has become a tribute to one of the most beloved and emblematic animals of the region, combining tradition, culture, and fun in a unique experience. The event includes parades, contests, and numerous activities that highlight the appreciation of these animals. Additionally, World Donkey Day is celebrated each May 8th, reinforcing the international importance of these equines in our cultures.
Popular Sayings about Donkeys
"Old donkey, little green." – This saying reminds us of the wisdom and experience they accumulate over the years.
"Every donkey with its mate." – Emphasizes the importance of finding compatible companions or situations.
Donkeys have played a crucial role in the history and development of many cultures around the world. Although their numbers have decreased, their legacy and utility continue to be celebrated and protected. Responsible breeding and conservation initiatives are essential to ensure that these animals remain a vibrant part of our communities.